FlyBack/History (2018-06-27 08:35:14)

See the GenBoard/Manual/Flyback page for useful flyback related information.

Forgetting the flyback connection can cause serious damage.

18V unidir transient diode


This page is only for historical reasons, for the curious.

For low-impedance injectors the newest tested method with very nice results is MembersPage/DamirMuha/LowZinjectorsFlyback

The flyback design went through a relatively winding road because the widely used motorola MegaSquirt had imprecise fuel calculations and people tried all kinds of workaround hacks to cancel the shortcomings.

The workaround often raised new problems, that had to be solved with more HW complexity.

The road was determined by:

Imprecise fuel calculations and actuation (that m.squirt suffered) was not the only problem. It turned out that even with precise fuel calculations and injector pulsewidth actuation there are deviations between injectors of different cylinders (most severe below 1.7 msec pulsewidth) and deviations due to uncompensatable factors (like fuel temperature, viscosity, etc...) so high flyback voltage (30V) when closing is good in any case.


Forgive that the history below is not formatted, the main reason for the junk layeout is that it came from emails.

multichannel LOW-Z injector driving

MembersPage/KeithHargrove suggested a very smart, pin-efficient, no gates, no diode method for making PWM-ed signals for multichannel (up to 8) LOW-Z sequential injection:

[ ControlledFlyback2.jpg See the Peak_Hold part on the schematic]

The first part (uC pin and the FETdriver) is used on GenBoard/VerThree, actually 8 instances of it. The flyback control (delay-circuit) part and the controlled virtual-zener was only built as prototype, since it turned out that it's not needed.

Operation: one pin running PWM all the time feading each of the 8 injectors thru a resistor. And also each injector is connected to an output pin:

This way we only use one PWM pin. Only a little larger event-overhead than the analog-delayed peak-signal we had earlier (spoken from MembersPage/JörgenKarlsson and MembersPage/MarcellGal). Personally I like it very much.

more on this:

This is very space and pin-efficient, especially with R-packs (not individual R-s). The flyback control is derived from the FET-gate signal (a little delayed compared to FET-gate): the DRC delay must be small

Note: we can declare the thinnest PWM signal be 18..20%, not 15%, those who want, can add some series resistors. (this is not more than a board-population / matching config issue anyway).

Note2: those having high-Z injectors probably want to leave out the controlled flyback. There is just no point in it (although it does not hurt either).

Also I am using a sn754410 (not MC34151p) it does not invert but digikey has it.

With many injector banks (like 8), one might consider to forget the controlled flyback and use a common flyback rail and only a diode per injector. A power-efficient (read: not that much heat) switching rail can be constructed:

SwitchingFlybackRail.jpg

discussion:

> I like the switching regulator.

> and I do not think it will take up much space

I think 1 might be enough on the board, maybe with a huge

PNP (bigger than TO-220 and on heatsink).

I think it is better to use 2 synced, but phase-offset PWM signals

(64usec period, OCR1B and OCR1C comes to mind) for the

lowZ injectors, so only 4 lowZ

injectors start flybacking at a time, the other 4 at

Marcell

another time. 4*3 A is not a small current in itself..

> can the oscillater stall if it get strange loads or low load.

> I think of any latch-up problems it might have..

I think it should not. A small resistor in series with Z14

might be a good idea (even Z14's internal dU/dI > 0), because

it allows more tolerance for the value of Rf

(note: the NPN changes its h21 with temperature, etc...)

C should be connected to VBatt (not GND, as on the picture),

and be at least 25V, 100uF (rather 220uF, we don't want too high

switching frequency).

> also I think the the box will have more 12V comming out then comming in.

> with all the current from the injectors. We should have the flyback/diodes

> tied to vbatt before any protection diodes

very good point!

I don't like those diodes very much, they don't protect the whole

circuit anyway. I like to short them with 1 Ohm, so I can measure

supply current easily.

I don't apply negative power, I use other ways of releasing the

smoke that was packaged into the chips and wires in the factory :-)

end of unformatted junk (provided only for historical reasons for the future EFI-archeologists)


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